Dipping platforms, boardwalks and simple bridges are very useful for providing access to wetlands, ponds and watercourses, in a way that is both safe for the user and minimises damage to the habitat. Localised erosion on pond and river banks due to trampling can be prevented by providing platforms for viewing, dipping or fishing.
School ponds and those used for educational purposes should have a generously sized area to give access for dipping and other pond studies. Various designs can be used, according to the site. A simple wide bridge which spans the pond or watercourse provides plenty of dipping space, without sacrificing any of the ‘natural’ pond edges.
Note the following points:
- The structure should be built of timber pressure-treated with a preservative, such as Tanalith. Although more expensive than untreated timber, it will be much more durable.
- Make sure the design avoids damaging the pond bottom or liner. Some types of bentonite lining (p62) are an exception, and can safely have supports driven through the lining.
- Provide low edgings or toe-rails, which delineate the edge, and provide some protection against vandals removing the decking.
- In most open locations, treated timber will not become slippery, provided water can drain off quickly. In shady locations, chicken wire or a tar and grit mixture may need to be applied to provide a non-slip surface. Care must be taken not to affect the vegetation beneath.
- When planning access improvements, take account of the needs of disabled people and those in wheelchairs. Fishing is a very popular pastime for many disabled people, and access to the water ’s edge together with provision of fishing platforms is an important facility (see below).
Some designs are shown above. Further details of boardwalks and bridges are given in Footpaths.
Simple bridge
This uses bearers of telegraph poles, with preserved timber decking.
Wide bridge
Dipping platform
This design is cantilevered over the edge of the pond, to avoid the posts interfering with the pond lining. Platforms or boardwalks over water provide ‘hideaways’ for amphibians.
This design uses timber revetments backfilled with debris to make a platform. Any gaps between the timbers and within the backfill will make ‘hideaways’ for amphibians and other organisms.
Fishing platform
Fishing platforms for disabled use should have flat or ramped access from car-parks or other access points, with suitable surfacing. Maximum ramp gradients are as shown below:
| Length of ramp | up to 3m | 3-6m | 6m+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ambulant disabled | 1:9 | 1:12 | 1:12 |
| Independent wheelchair user | 1:10 | 1:16 | 1:20 |
| Wheelchair pushed by a companion | 1:9 | 1:12 | 1:20 |
| Electric wheelchairs | 1:16 | 1:16 | 1:20 |
The surface of the platform can be natural, or constructed of timber, stone or concrete. The area should be at least 1.5m square, level, with a wheelstop or toe rail 100-150mm (4-6″) high at the water ’s edge. Where the platform projects over the water, protective side railing should be constructed, with a front rail 350mm (14″) high which does not hinder fishing operations. To allow space for casting, the slope of the bank behind the platform should not be steeper than 30˚. Check access ramps and platforms regularly to ensure that they are in a safe condition. Damage to the path surface or bank from erosion should be repaired promptly. For further details see Countryside Commission (1994), and contact the National Federation of Anglers, who actively promote angling for people with limited mobility.
Paving edge
The diagram shows a typical construction for a paving edge to a butyl-lined pond.
Furniture
For school ponds and others frequently used by educational groups, provide an area of mown grass, gravel or wood chips near the pond, where a group can gather without trampling valuable vegetation. A simple table, stone pier or similar is useful for placing dipping trays for study, and wooden benches and tables can be included on sites where vandalism is not a problem.
