Printed from: https://conservationhandbooks.com/sand-dunes/vegetation-management/woodland-management/
Many dune systems, including Holkham NNR, Newborough Warren, and Ainsdale NNR have substantial areas of conifer plantation. These were planted originally to stabilise the dunes, but are now mainly also managed for timber production. Not only do these plantations represent a loss in terms of area of duneland, but mature trees can cause problems by...